Передача мощности от коробки передач к заднему мосту или задним колёсам представляет некоторые трудности в связи с изменениями относительного положения этих агрегатов при деформациях рессор подвески. Существуют два метода передачи мощности от закреплённой на упругих опорах коробки передач к заднему мосту или колёсам: а) с помощью цепей и б) карданным валом с универсальными шарнирами.
В начальном периоде развития конструкции автомобилей применялись главным образом цепи, но теперь они почти полностью вытеснены карданным валом. Когда цепь чиста, хорошо смазана и правильно отрегулирована, она является весьма эффективным способом передачи мощности, но её трудно поддерживать в таком состоянии. Несмотря на множество попыток, проблема защиты цепной передачи автомобилей от попадания пыли и утечки смазки никогда не была удовлетворительно решена. Поскольку цепи должны быть смазаны, на них скоро начинают налипать пыль и грязь, которые проникают в шарниры и вызывают быстрый износ. В результате происходят растяжение цепи, её биение при движении автомобиля на некоторых определённых скоростях и возникает необходимость в регулировке. Несмотря па этот недостаток, цепные приводы при правильном обслуживании работали вполне удовлетворительно. Однако большинство инженеров предпочитают карданный привод, в котором все поверхности трения защищены кожухами и уплотнениями и могут поэтому хорошо смазываться. Ищете запчасти для спецтехники? Загляните на сайт компании AGA Parts. Здесь вы найдете брендовые детали John Deere по доступным ценам.
Критические скорости. Случаи разрушения карданных валов от резонанса были впервые изучены в то время, когда на легковых автомобилях начали применять объединённые силовые агрегаты (двигатель — сцепление — коробка), при этом карданные валы стали длиннее, чем при отдельно смонтированной коробке передач.
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