При обкатывании с осевой подачей роликов имеет место два вида эпюр распределения остаточных напряжений по сечению детали. Для первого вида характерно расположение максимума остаточных напряжений сжатия не на поверхности образца, а на некотором расстоянии от нее — 2 —
в ТОНКИХ поверхностных слоях возможен переход к растягивающим напряжениям. Следовательно, упрочнение металла в процессе размерно-чистовой и упрочняющей обработки заключается как в повышении его прочности, так и в возникновении в поверхностном слое остаточных сжимающих напряжений, что обуславливает высокую эффективность процесса с точки зрения повышения выносливости деталей машин.
С развитием технологии процессов обработки деталей способом поверхностного пластического деформирования в мировой и отечественной практике создана достаточно широкая гамма специализированного оборудования и его инструментального оснащения.
Следует отметить, что разработки в области технологических процессов и их инструментального обеспечения в значительной степени влияют на технологические возможности, конструкции, уровень автоматизации, а следовательно, и на производительность создаваемого оборудования для поверхностной упрочняющей обработки.
Поверхностное пластическое деформирование достаточно широко применяется при обработке деталей в поточных и автоматических линиях.
Раскатывание и обкатывание многороликовыми инструментами. Обработка ППД с применением многороликовых инструментов применяется в целях:
снижения шероховатости и создания нового микрорельефа поверхности;
повышения усталостной прочности и износостойкости;
стабилизации остаточных напряжений;
повышения качества прессовых посадок.
session.client.browser ⇒ Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
password_clear ⇒
groups ⇒
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WHERE `time` < '1734798351'SELECT folder AS type, element AS name, params
FROM automarket_extensions
WHERE enabled >= 1
AND type ='plugin'
AND state >= 0
AND access IN (1,1)
ORDER BY orderingSELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
FROM automarket_extensions
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AND `element` = 'com_languages'SELECT `custom_data`
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WHERE `type` = 'component'
AND `element` = 'com_sef'SELECT *
FROM automarket_sef_subdomainsSELECT *
FROM automarket_languages
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INNER JOIN `automarket_sefurls` AS `u`
ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`url`
WHERE `a`.`alias` = 'materialy-sajta/tekhnologicheskie-osobennosti-tsprochnyayushchej-obrabotki'SELECT element,params
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WHERE type='sef_ext'SELECT *
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SET cpt=(cpt+1)
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FROM automarket_menu AS m
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions AS e
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WHERE m.published = 1
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AND e.enabled = 1SELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
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LEFT JOIN automarket_assets AS b
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WHERE (a.name = 'com_content')
GROUP BY b.id, b.rules, b.lft
ORDER BY b.lftSELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
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LEFT JOIN automarket_users AS u
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LEFT
OUTER JOIN (SELECT cat.id as id
FROM automarket_categories AS cat JOIN automarket_categories AS parent
ON cat.lft BETWEEN parent.lft
AND parent.rgt
WHERE parent.extension = 'com_content'
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AND s.id=8
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c.created_time, c.created_user_id, c.description, c.extension, c.hits, c.language, c.level,
c.lft, c.metadata, c.metadesc, c.metakey, c.modified_time, c.note, c.params, c.parent_id,
c.path, c.published, c.rgt, c.title, c.modified_user_id
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WHERE home=1UPDATE automarket_content
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LEFT JOIN automarket_modules_menu AS mm
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LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions AS e
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AND (m.publish_up = '0000-00-00 00:00:00' OR m.publish_up <= '2024-12-21 16:40:51')
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AND m.client_id = 0
AND (mm.menuid = 142 OR mm.menuid <= 0)
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FROM `automarket_virtuemart_permgroups`
ORDER BY `group_level`SELECT `vendor_currency`,`currency_code_3`,`currency_numeric_code`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_vendors` AS v
LEFT JOIN `automarket_virtuemart_currencies` AS c
ON virtuemart_currency_id = vendor_currency
WHERE v.`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1"SELECT *
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_currencies`
WHERE `virtuemart_currency_id`="199"SELECT `price_display`,`custom_price_display`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_shoppergroups` AS `sg`
WHERE `sg`.`default` = "2"SELECT *
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_shoppergroups`
WHERE `default` = "2"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id` = "1" OR `shared` = "1")
AND `published`="1"SELECT *
FROM automarket_virtuemart_calcs
WHERE
`calc_kind` IN ('Marge','Tax','VatTax','DBTax','DATax' )
AND `published`="1"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1" OR `shared`="1" )
AND ( ( publish_up = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_up <= "2024-12-21 16:40:51" )
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WHERE
`calc_kind`="DBTaxBill"
AND `published`="1"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1" OR `shared`="1" )
AND ( publish_up = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_up <= "2024-12-21 16:40:51" )
AND ( publish_down = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_down >= "2024-12-21 16:40:51" )SELECT *
FROM automarket_virtuemart_calcs
WHERE
`calc_kind`="TaxBill"
AND `published`="1"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1" OR `shared`="1" )
AND ( publish_up = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_up <= "2024-12-21 16:40:51" )
AND ( publish_down = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_down >= "2024-12-21 16:40:51" )SELECT *
FROM automarket_virtuemart_calcs
WHERE
`calc_kind`="DATaxBill"
AND `published`="1"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1" OR `shared`="1" )
AND ( publish_up = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_up <= "2024-12-21 16:40:51" )
AND ( publish_down = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_down >= "2024-12-21 16:40:51" )SELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
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AND `element` = 'com_virtuemart'SELECT *
FROM `automarket_menu`
where `link` like "index.php?option=com_virtuemart%"
and client_id=0
and published=1
and (language="*" or language LIKE "ru_ru")UPDATE `automarket_session`
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, `time` = '1734799251'
WHERE `session_id` = 'otmigun93dimv22c1uil6e2i46'4 × SELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
FROM automarket_extensions4 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_virtuemart_calcs1 × SELECT m.id, m.title, m.module, m.position, m.content, m.showtitle, m.params, mm.menuid
FROM automarket_modules AS m
LEFT JOIN automarket_modules_menu AS mm
ON mm.moduleid = m.id
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions AS e
ON e.element = m.module
AND e.client_id = m.client_id1 × SELECT `config`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_configs`1 × SELECT id, link, language
FROM automarket_menu1 × SELECT c.*,
CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(c.alias) THEN CONCAT_WS(':', c.id, c.alias) ELSE c.id END as slug
FROM automarket_categories as c
LEFT JOIN automarket_categories AS s
ON (s.lft <= c.lft
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AND s.rgt < c.rgt)
LEFT JOIN (SELECT cat.id as id
FROM automarket_categories AS cat JOIN automarket_categories AS parent
ON cat.lft BETWEEN parent.lft
AND parent.rgt1 × SELECT `virtuemart_permgroup_id`,`group_name`,`group_level`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_permgroups`1 × SELECT a.id, a.asset_id, a.title, a.alias, a.title_alias, a.introtext, a.fulltext,
CASE WHEN badcats.id is null THEN a.state ELSE 0 END AS state, a.mask, a.catid, a.created, a.created_by, a.created_by_alias,
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FROM `automarket_virtuemart_currencies`1 × SELECT *
FROM `automarket_menu`1 × SELECT *
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_shoppergroups`1 × SELECT `price_display`,`custom_price_display`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_shoppergroups` AS `sg`1 × SELECT b.id
FROM automarket_usergroups AS a
LEFT JOIN automarket_usergroups AS b
ON b.lft <= a.lft
AND b.rgt >= a.rgt1 × SELECT `vendor_currency`,`currency_code_3`,`currency_numeric_code`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_vendors` AS v
LEFT JOIN `automarket_virtuemart_currencies` AS c
ON virtuemart_currency_id = vendor_currency1 × SELECT b.rules
FROM automarket_assets AS a
LEFT JOIN automarket_assets AS b
ON b.lft <= a.lft
AND b.rgt >= a.rgt1 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_languages1 × SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM automarket_sef_subdomains1 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_sef_subdomain1 × SELECT `custom_data`
FROM `automarket_extensions`1 × SELECT folder AS type, element AS name, params
FROM automarket_extensions1 × SELECT `a`.`vars`, `u`.`sefurl`
FROM `automarket_sefaliases` AS `a`
INNER JOIN `automarket_sefurls` AS `u`
ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`url`1 × SELECT element,params
FROM automarket_extensions1 × SELECT id, home, template, s.params
FROM automarket_template_styles as s
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions as e
ON e.element=s.template
AND e.type='template'
AND e.client_id=s.client_id1 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_jcomments_setting1 × SELECT m.id, m.menutype, m.title, m.alias, m.note, m.path AS route, m.link, m.type, m.level, m.language,m.browserNav, m.access, m.params, m.home, m.img, m.template_style_id, m.component_id, m.parent_id,e.element as component
FROM automarket_menu AS m
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions AS e
ON m.component_id = e.extension_id1 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_sefurls1 × SELECT `data`
FROM `automarket_session`1 × SHOW TABLES LIKE "automarket_virtuemart_configs1 × UPDATE `automarket_session`
SET `data` = '__default|a:7:{s:15:\"session.counter\";i:2;s:19:\"session.timer.start\";i:1734799251;s:18:\"session.timer.last\";i:1734799251;s:17:\"session.timer.now\";i:1734799251;s:22:\"session.client.browser\";s:103:\"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)\";s:8:\"registry\";O:9:\"JRegistry\":1:{s:7:\"\0*\0data\";O:8:\"stdClass\":0:{}}s:4:\"user\";O:5:\"JUser\":25:{s:9:\"\0*\0isRoot\";b:0;s:2:\"id\";i:0;s:4:\"name\";N;s:8:\"username\";N;s:5:\"email\";N;s:8:\"password\";N;s:14:\"password_clear\";s:0:\"\";s:8:\"usertype\";N;s:5:\"block\";N;s:9:\"sendEmail\";i:0;s:12:\"registerDate\";N;s:13:\"lastvisitDate\";N;s:10:\"activation\";N;s:6:\"params\";N;s:6:\"groups\";a:0:{}s:5:\"guest\";i:1;s:13:\"lastResetTime\";N;s:10:\"resetCount\";N;s:10:\"\0*\0_params\";O:9:\"JRegistry\":1:{s:7:\"\0*\0data\";O:8:\"stdClass\":0:{}}s:14:\"\0*\0_authGroups\";a:1:{i:0;i:1;}s:14:\"\0*\0_authLevels\";a:2:{i:0;i:1;i:1;i:1;}s:15:\"\0*\0_authActions\";N;s:12:\"\0*\0_errorMsg\";N;s:10:\"\0*\0_errors\";a:0:{}s:3:\"aid\";i:0;}}' , `time` = '1734799251'1 × UPDATE automarket_content
SET hits = hits + 11 × INSERT INTO `automarket_rokuserstats` (`user_id`,`ip`,`session_id`,`page`,`referrer`)
VALUES ('0','3.22.240.149','otmigun93dimv22c1uil6e2i46','/materialy-sajta/tekhnologicheskie-osobennosti-tsprochnyayushchej-obrabotki',''1 × UPDATE automarket_sefurls
SET cpt=(cpt+1)1 × DELETE
FROM `automarket_session`