ХОШ на горизонтальных автоматах. Детали крепежа и массовые фасонные детали из-за огромных объемов выпуска изготавливают на горизонтальных автоматах из проволоки, свернутой в бунты (мотки). Отжиг и фосфатирование металла при этом производятся непосредственно в бунтах, а сам металл должен быть калиброванным. В зависимости от размера и массы детали производительность может колебаться от 20 до 100 и более шт. в минуту.
На метизных заводах, специализирующихся на производстве стандартного и нормализованного крепежа, сначала осуществляют подготовку металла, которая включает в себя следующие операции:
отжиг исходного горячекатаного металла (подката) для повышения пластичности и снижения сопротивления деформированию;
травление отожженного металла для удаления окалины;
фосфатирование с нейтрализацией (омыливание) для создания разделительно-смазочного слоя;
калибровка подката волочением на специальном стане из бунта в бунт.
Степень обжатия при волочении варьируется в пределах от 5 до 40% в зависимости от программы выпуска деталей, типа изделий и марок сталей, из которых изготавливается крепеж. Задача подготовительного процесса состоит в обеспечении оптимального сочетания механических свойств металла, толщины и качества фосфатного слоя, а также придания металлу (и будущим заготовкам) необходимого диаметра.
Если отдельные автоматы используются непосредственно на автозаводе для изготовления фасонных деталей (не деталей крепежа), то процесс подготовки металла может быть короче. Чаще всего используется калиброванная проволока, подвергающаяся на заводе только отжигу и фосфатированию. В отдельных случаях возможна также поставка отожженной и даже фосфатированной проволоки непосредственно с металлургического завода.
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VALUES ('8t93s6fn33bv9pnarsq6ffqdj2', 0, '1734799978'