Направление неровностей при обработке поверхности определяется кинематикой движения инструмента. Для строгания, протягивания, шлифования периферией круга характерно параллельное направление неровностей. При хонинговании неровности представляют собой сетку из перекрещивающихся спиралей. Произвольное направление неровностей характерно для операций притирки, шлифования торцом круга, полирования.
Высота микронеровностей зависит от следующих факторов:
обрабатываемого материала (обработанные поверхности из малоуглеродистых сталей имеют большую высоту микронеровностей по сравнению с высокоуглеродистыми сталями и чугуном);
способа и режима обработки, при этом большое влияние на шероховатость оказывают подача, скорость и сила резания;
материала и формы режущего инструмента (обработка заготовки инструментом из твердого сплава обеспечивает менее шероховатую поверхность по сравнению с обработкой инструментом из быстрорежущей стали; при замене абразива алмазом также уменьшается шероховатость);
жесткости технологической системы.
Значения шероховатости и волнистости зависят от вибрации элементов технологической системы, под воздействием которой изменяется положение режущей кромки инструмента относительно обрабатываемой поверхности, что приводит к образованию впадин и выступов.
Шероховатость поверхности также взаимосвязана с точностью и способом обработки. Значения шероховатости в зависимости от точности и способа обработки приведены в табл. 4.2.
Каждому способу обработки соответствуют определенные профиль шероховатости и свойства несущей поверхности. Точеная или расточенная поверхности имеют островершинный профиль и небольшую несущую способность. Большой несущей способностью обладает поверхность, обработанная методом пластической деформации, вследствие большего радиуса скруглення вершин микронеровностей и высокого коэффициента заполнения микропрофиля металлом.
Приведенные затраты определяются для каждого варианта. Выбирается вариант с минимальными приведенными затратами.
session.client.browser ⇒ Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
password_clear ⇒
groups ⇒
Application 0.000 seconds (+0.000); 0.75 MB (+0.752) - afterLoad
Application 0.009 seconds (+0.009); 2.64 MB (+1.883) - afterInitialise
Application 0.016 seconds (+0.007); 3.26 MB (+0.625) - afterRoute
Application 0.025 seconds (+0.009); 3.92 MB (+0.664) - afterDispatch
Application 0.026 seconds (+0.001); 4.04 MB (+0.112) - beforeRenderModule mod_virtuemart_cart (Корзина)
Application 0.121 seconds (+0.095); 6.94 MB (+2.903) - afterRenderModule mod_virtuemart_cart (Корзина)
Application 0.123 seconds (+0.002); 6.96 MB (+0.019) - afterRender
6.95 MB (7,286,472 Bytes)
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LIMIT 0, 1
INSERT INTO `automarket_session`
(`session_id`, `client_id`, `time`)
VALUES
('agb896ch4ja1m00oqftmvti0h0', 0, '1735581150')
SELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
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SELECT b.id
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WHERE a.id = 1
SELECT id, rules
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SELECT folder AS type, element AS name, params
FROM automarket_extensions
WHERE enabled >= 1
AND type ='plugin'
AND state >= 0
AND access IN (1,1)
ORDER BY ordering
SELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
FROM automarket_extensions
WHERE `type` = 'component'
AND `element` = 'com_languages'
SELECT `custom_data`
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WHERE `type` = 'component'
AND `element` = 'com_sef'
SELECT *
FROM automarket_sef_subdomains
SELECT *
FROM automarket_languages
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SELECT COUNT(*)
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SELECT `a`.`vars`, `u`.`sefurl`
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INNER JOIN `automarket_sefurls` AS `u`
ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`url`
WHERE `a`.`alias` = 'materialy-sajta/napravlenie-nerovnostej-pri-obrabotke-poverkhnosti'
SELECT element,params
FROM automarket_extensions
WHERE type='sef_ext'
SELECT *
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WHERE ((`sefurl` = 'materialy-sajta/napravlenie-nerovnostej-pri-obrabotke-poverkhnosti') OR (`sefurl` = 'materialy-sajta/napravlenie-nerovnostej-pri-obrabotke-poverkhnosti/'))
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UPDATE automarket_sefurls
SET cpt=(cpt+1)
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SELECT m.id, m.menutype, m.title, m.alias, m.note, m.path AS route, m.link, m.type, m.level, m.language,m.browserNav, m.access, m.params, m.home, m.img, m.template_style_id, m.component_id, m.parent_id,e.element as component
FROM automarket_menu AS m
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions AS e
ON m.component_id = e.extension_id
WHERE m.published = 1
AND m.parent_id > 0
AND m.client_id = 0
ORDER BY m.lft
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VALUES ('0','18.221.147.141','agb896ch4ja1m00oqftmvti0h0','/materialy-sajta/napravlenie-nerovnostej-pri-obrabotke-poverkhnosti','')
SELECT *
FROM automarket_jcomments_settings
SELECT id, home, template, s.params
FROM automarket_template_styles as s
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions as e
ON e.element=s.template
AND e.type='template'
AND e.client_id=s.client_id
WHERE s.client_id = 0
AND e.enabled = 1
SELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
FROM automarket_extensions
WHERE `type` = 'component'
AND `element` = 'com_content'
SELECT a.rules
FROM automarket_assets AS a
WHERE (a.id = 1)
GROUP BY a.id, a.rules, a.lft
SELECT b.rules
FROM automarket_assets AS a
LEFT JOIN automarket_assets AS b
ON b.lft <= a.lft
AND b.rgt >= a.rgt
WHERE (a.name = 'com_content')
GROUP BY b.id, b.rules, b.lft
ORDER BY b.lft
SELECT a.id, a.asset_id, a.title, a.alias, a.title_alias, a.introtext, a.fulltext,
CASE WHEN badcats.id is null THEN a.state ELSE 0 END AS state, a.mask, a.catid, a.created, a.created_by, a.created_by_alias,
CASE WHEN a.modified = 0 THEN a.created ELSE a.modified END as modified, a.modified_by, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.publish_up, a.publish_down, a.images, a.urls, a.attribs, a.version, a.parentid, a.ordering, a.metakey, a.metadesc, a.access, a.hits, a.metadata, a.featured, a.language, a.xreference,c.title AS category_title, c.alias AS category_alias, c.access AS category_access,u.name AS author,(
SELECT MAX(contact.id) AS id
FROM automarket_contact_details AS contact
WHERE contact.published = 1
AND contact.user_id = a.created_by) as contactid,parent.title as parent_title, parent.id as parent_id, parent.path as parent_route, parent.alias as parent_alias,ROUND(v.rating_sum / v.rating_count, 0) AS rating, v.rating_count as rating_count
FROM automarket_content AS a
LEFT JOIN automarket_categories AS c
on c.id = a.catid
LEFT JOIN automarket_users AS u
on u.id = a.created_by
LEFT JOIN automarket_categories as parent
ON parent.id = c.parent_id
LEFT JOIN automarket_content_rating AS v
ON a.id = v.content_id
LEFT
OUTER JOIN (SELECT cat.id as id
FROM automarket_categories AS cat JOIN automarket_categories AS parent
ON cat.lft BETWEEN parent.lft
AND parent.rgt
WHERE parent.extension = 'com_content'
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ON badcats.id = c.id
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CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(c.alias) THEN CONCAT_WS(':', c.id, c.alias) ELSE c.id END as slug
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LEFT JOIN (SELECT cat.id as id
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ON cat.lft BETWEEN parent.lft
AND parent.rgt
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ON badcats.id = c.id
WHERE (c.extension='com_content' OR c.extension='system')
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AND c.published = 1
AND s.id=8
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c.created_time, c.created_user_id, c.description, c.extension, c.hits, c.language, c.level,
c.lft, c.metadata, c.metadesc, c.metakey, c.modified_time, c.note, c.params, c.parent_id,
c.path, c.published, c.rgt, c.title, c.modified_user_id
ORDER BY c.lft
SELECT id, link, language
FROM automarket_menu
WHERE home=1
UPDATE automarket_content
SET hits = hits + 1
WHERE id = 117
SELECT m.id, m.title, m.module, m.position, m.content, m.showtitle, m.params, mm.menuid
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LEFT JOIN automarket_modules_menu AS mm
ON mm.moduleid = m.id
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions AS e
ON e.element = m.module
AND e.client_id = m.client_id
WHERE m.published = 1
AND e.enabled = 1
AND (m.publish_up = '0000-00-00 00:00:00' OR m.publish_up <= '2024-12-30 17:52:30')
AND (m.publish_down = '0000-00-00 00:00:00' OR m.publish_down >= '2024-12-30 17:52:30')
AND m.access IN (1,1)
AND m.client_id = 0
AND (mm.menuid = 142 OR mm.menuid <= 0)
ORDER BY m.position, m.ordering
SHOW TABLES LIKE "automarket_virtuemart_configs"
SELECT `config`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_configs`
WHERE `virtuemart_config_id` = "1";
SELECT `virtuemart_permgroup_id`,`group_name`,`group_level`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_permgroups`
ORDER BY `group_level`
SELECT `vendor_currency`,`currency_code_3`,`currency_numeric_code`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_vendors` AS v
LEFT JOIN `automarket_virtuemart_currencies` AS c
ON virtuemart_currency_id = vendor_currency
WHERE v.`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1"
SELECT *
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_currencies`
WHERE `virtuemart_currency_id`="199"
SELECT `price_display`,`custom_price_display`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_shoppergroups` AS `sg`
WHERE `sg`.`default` = "2"
SELECT *
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_shoppergroups`
WHERE `default` = "2"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id` = "1" OR `shared` = "1")
AND `published`="1"
SELECT *
FROM automarket_virtuemart_calcs
WHERE
`calc_kind` IN ('Marge','Tax','VatTax','DBTax','DATax' )
AND `published`="1"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1" OR `shared`="1" )
AND ( ( publish_up = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_up <= "2024-12-30 17:52:30" )
AND ( publish_down = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_down >= "2024-12-30 17:52:30" )
OR `for_override` = "1" )
SELECT *
FROM automarket_virtuemart_calcs
WHERE
`calc_kind`="DBTaxBill"
AND `published`="1"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1" OR `shared`="1" )
AND ( publish_up = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_up <= "2024-12-30 17:52:30" )
AND ( publish_down = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_down >= "2024-12-30 17:52:30" )
SELECT *
FROM automarket_virtuemart_calcs
WHERE
`calc_kind`="TaxBill"
AND `published`="1"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1" OR `shared`="1" )
AND ( publish_up = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_up <= "2024-12-30 17:52:30" )
AND ( publish_down = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_down >= "2024-12-30 17:52:30" )
SELECT *
FROM automarket_virtuemart_calcs
WHERE
`calc_kind`="DATaxBill"
AND `published`="1"
AND (`virtuemart_vendor_id`="1" OR `shared`="1" )
AND ( publish_up = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_up <= "2024-12-30 17:52:30" )
AND ( publish_down = "0000-00-00 00:00:00" OR publish_down >= "2024-12-30 17:52:30" )
SELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
FROM automarket_extensions
WHERE `type` = 'component'
AND `element` = 'com_virtuemart'
SELECT *
FROM `automarket_menu`
where `link` like "index.php?option=com_virtuemart%"
and client_id=0
and published=1
and (language="*" or language LIKE "ru_ru")
UPDATE `automarket_session`
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4 × SELECT extension_id AS id, element AS "option", params, enabled
FROM automarket_extensions
4 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_virtuemart_calcs
1 × SELECT id, link, language
FROM automarket_menu
1 × SELECT m.id, m.title, m.module, m.position, m.content, m.showtitle, m.params, mm.menuid
FROM automarket_modules AS m
LEFT JOIN automarket_modules_menu AS mm
ON mm.moduleid = m.id
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions AS e
ON e.element = m.module
AND e.client_id = m.client_id
1 × SELECT c.*,
CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(c.alias) THEN CONCAT_WS(':', c.id, c.alias) ELSE c.id END as slug
FROM automarket_categories as c
LEFT JOIN automarket_categories AS s
ON (s.lft <= c.lft
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AND s.rgt < c.rgt)
LEFT JOIN (SELECT cat.id as id
FROM automarket_categories AS cat JOIN automarket_categories AS parent
ON cat.lft BETWEEN parent.lft
AND parent.rgt
1 × SELECT a.id, a.asset_id, a.title, a.alias, a.title_alias, a.introtext, a.fulltext,
CASE WHEN badcats.id is null THEN a.state ELSE 0 END AS state, a.mask, a.catid, a.created, a.created_by, a.created_by_alias,
CASE WHEN a.modified = 0 THEN a.created ELSE a.modified END as modified, a.modified_by, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.publish_up, a.publish_down, a.images, a.urls, a.attribs, a.version, a.parentid, a.ordering, a.metakey, a.metadesc, a.access, a.hits, a.metadata, a.featured, a.language, a.xreference,c.title AS category_title, c.alias AS category_alias, c.access AS category_access,u.name AS author,( SELECT MAX(contact.id) AS id
FROM automarket_contact_details AS contact
1 × SELECT `config`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_configs`
1 × SELECT b.rules
FROM automarket_assets AS a
LEFT JOIN automarket_assets AS b
ON b.lft <= a.lft
AND b.rgt >= a.rgt
1 × SELECT `vendor_currency`,`currency_code_3`,`currency_numeric_code`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_vendors` AS v
LEFT JOIN `automarket_virtuemart_currencies` AS c
ON virtuemart_currency_id = vendor_currency
1 × SELECT *
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_shoppergroups`
1 × SELECT *
FROM `automarket_menu`
1 × SELECT `price_display`,`custom_price_display`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_shoppergroups` AS `sg`
1 × SELECT *
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_currencies`
1 × SELECT a.rules
FROM automarket_assets AS a
1 × SELECT `virtuemart_permgroup_id`,`group_name`,`group_level`
FROM `automarket_virtuemart_permgroups`
1 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_jcomments_setting
1 × SELECT `custom_data`
FROM `automarket_extensions`
1 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_sef_subdomain
1 × SELECT folder AS type, element AS name, params
FROM automarket_extensions
1 × SELECT id, rules
FROM `automarket_viewlevels
1 × SELECT `session_id`
FROM `automarket_session`
1 × SELECT b.id
FROM automarket_usergroups AS a
LEFT JOIN automarket_usergroups AS b
ON b.lft <= a.lft
AND b.rgt >= a.rgt
1 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_languages
1 × SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM automarket_sef_subdomains
1 × SELECT m.id, m.menutype, m.title, m.alias, m.note, m.path AS route, m.link, m.type, m.level, m.language,m.browserNav, m.access, m.params, m.home, m.img, m.template_style_id, m.component_id, m.parent_id,e.element as component
FROM automarket_menu AS m
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions AS e
ON m.component_id = e.extension_id
1 × SELECT `data`
FROM `automarket_session`
1 × SELECT *
FROM automarket_sefurls
1 × SELECT element,params
FROM automarket_extensions
1 × SELECT `a`.`vars`, `u`.`sefurl`
FROM `automarket_sefaliases` AS `a`
INNER JOIN `automarket_sefurls` AS `u`
ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`url`
1 × SELECT id, home, template, s.params
FROM automarket_template_styles as s
LEFT JOIN automarket_extensions as e
ON e.element=s.template
AND e.type='template'
AND e.client_id=s.client_id
1 × SHOW TABLES LIKE "automarket_virtuemart_configs
1 × UPDATE `automarket_session`
SET `data` = '__default|a:7:{s:15:\"session.counter\";i:1;s:19:\"session.timer.start\";i:1735581150;s:18:\"session.timer.last\";i:1735581150;s:17:\"session.timer.now\";i:1735581150;s:22:\"session.client.browser\";s:103:\"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)\";s:8:\"registry\";O:9:\"JRegistry\":1:{s:7:\"\0*\0data\";O:8:\"stdClass\":0:{}}s:4:\"user\";O:5:\"JUser\":25:{s:9:\"\0*\0isRoot\";b:0;s:2:\"id\";i:0;s:4:\"name\";N;s:8:\"username\";N;s:5:\"email\";N;s:8:\"password\";N;s:14:\"password_clear\";s:0:\"\";s:8:\"usertype\";N;s:5:\"block\";N;s:9:\"sendEmail\";i:0;s:12:\"registerDate\";N;s:13:\"lastvisitDate\";N;s:10:\"activation\";N;s:6:\"params\";N;s:6:\"groups\";a:0:{}s:5:\"guest\";i:1;s:13:\"lastResetTime\";N;s:10:\"resetCount\";N;s:10:\"\0*\0_params\";O:9:\"JRegistry\":1:{s:7:\"\0*\0data\";O:8:\"stdClass\":0:{}}s:14:\"\0*\0_authGroups\";a:1:{i:0;i:1;}s:14:\"\0*\0_authLevels\";a:2:{i:0;i:1;i:1;i:1;}s:15:\"\0*\0_authActions\";N;s:12:\"\0*\0_errorMsg\";N;s:10:\"\0*\0_errors\";a:0:{}s:3:\"aid\";i:0;}}' , `time` = '1735581150'
1 × UPDATE automarket_content
SET hits = hits + 1
1 × INSERT INTO `automarket_rokuserstats` (`user_id`,`ip`,`session_id`,`page`,`referrer`)
VALUES ('0','18.221.147.141','agb896ch4ja1m00oqftmvti0h0','/materialy-sajta/napravlenie-nerovnostej-pri-obrabotke-poverkhnosti',''
1 × UPDATE automarket_sefurls
SET cpt=(cpt+1)
1 × INSERT INTO `automarket_session` (`session_id`, `client_id`, `time`)
VALUES ('agb896ch4ja1m00oqftmvti0h0', 0, '1735581150'