Фрезерование шлицев на валах червячными фрезами является наиболее распространенным способом обработки, аналогичным нарезанию зубьев зубчатых колес. Шлицефрезерование может осуществляться за одну или две операции одно- и двухзаходными фрезами на специальных шлицефрезерных или зубофрезерных станках.
Наиболее производительным процессом является холодная накатка шлицев, обеспечивающая более высокое качество, чем при обработке резанием, низкую стоимость инструмента и большую экономию металла.
Наибольшее распространение получили следующие способы накатки шлиц:
многороликовой головкой с числом роликов, равным числу шлиц;
роликовыми головками с одним или несколькими эксцентрично вращающимися накатными роликами;
профилированными плоскими рейками.
Многороликовой головкой рекомендуется накатывать шлицы с числом зубьев меньше 20 и высотой зуба не более
Накатка роликовыми головками с одним или несколькими эксцентрично вращающимися накатными роликами (рис. 5.20, а) применяется для обработки шлицев любого профиля с числом зубьев не больше 8. В процессе обработки роликовые головки синхронно вращаются относительно накатываемой детали 2 в противоположных направлениях. При этом накатные ролики 1, описывая дугу, периодически с большим числом ударов в единицу времени соприкасаются с обрабатываемой поверхностью.
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